Latest Apr-2024 PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor Dumps Updated 192 Questions

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PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor certification exam is designed for individuals who have a minimum of five years of professional experience in information security management, including two years of experience in auditing. PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor exam certification exam covers various topics such as the principles, concepts, and standards of information security management, the audit process, audit techniques, and reporting. It also requires candidates to demonstrate their ability to lead an audit team, plan and conduct an audit, and communicate effectively with stakeholders.

 

NEW QUESTION # 104
You are an experienced ISMS audit team leader, talking to an Auditor in training who has been assigned to your audit team. You want to ensure that they understand the importance of the Check stage of the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle in respect of the operation of the information security management system.
You do this by asking him to select the words that best complete the sentence:
To complete the sentence with the best word(s), click on the blank section you want to complete so that it is highlighted in red, and then click on the applicable text from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop the option to the appropriate blank section.

Answer:

Explanation:

Explanation:
Review is the third stage of the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, which is a four-step model for implementing and improving an information security management system (ISMS) according to ISO/IEC
27001:202212. Review involves assessing and measuring the performance of the ISMS against the established policies, objectives, and criteria12.
Assess is the verb that describes the action of reviewing the ISMS. Assess means to evaluate, analyze, or measure something in a systematic and objective manner3. Assessing the ISMS involves collecting and verifying audit evidence, identifying strengths and weaknesses, and determining the degree of conformity or nonconformity12.
Regular is the adjective that describes the frequency or interval of reviewing the ISMS. Regular means occurring or done at fixed or uniform intervals4. Reviewing the ISMS at regular intervals means conducting internal audits and management reviews periodically, such as annually, quarterly, or monthly, depending on the needs and risks of the organization12.
Suitability is one of the attributes that describes the quality or outcome of reviewing the ISMS. Suitability means being appropriate or fitting for a particular purpose, person, or situation5. Reviewing the ISMS for suitability means ensuring that it is aligned with the organization's strategic direction, business objectives, and information security requirements12.
References :=
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements ISO/IEC 27003:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Guidance Assess | Definition of Assess by Merriam-Webster Regular | Definition of Regular by Merriam-Webster Suitability | Definition of Suitability by Merriam-Webster

NEW QUESTION # 105
An organisation is looking for management system initial certification. Please identify the sequence of the activities to be undertaken by the organisation.
To complete the sequence click on the blank section you want to complete so that it is highlighted in red, and then click on the applicable text from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop the options to the appropriate blank section.

Answer:

Explanation:

Explanation:
The correct sequence of activities is:
Establish the management system
Plan the audit programme
Conduct internal audits
Hold a Management Review
Engage a Certification Body for stage 1 and stage 2 audits
Complete any corrective actions
Comprehensive but Short Explanation: = According to the PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, the steps for achieving certification are as follows1:
Establish the management system: This involves defining the scope, objectives, policies, procedures, and controls of the ISMS, as well as ensuring the availability of resources and top management commitment.
Plan the audit programme: This involves defining the audit objectives, criteria, scope, frequency, methods, and responsibilities for conducting internal audits of the ISMS.
Conduct internal audits: This involves verifying the conformity and effectiveness of the ISMS, as well as identifying any nonconformities or opportunities for improvement.
Hold a Management Review: This involves reviewing the performance and suitability of the ISMS, as well as deciding on any changes or actions needed to improve it.
Engage a Certification Body for stage 1 and stage 2 audits: This involves selecting a reputable and accredited certification body to conduct an external audit of the ISMS, consisting of two stages: a documentation review and an on-site assessment.
Complete any corrective actions: This involves addressing any nonconformities or findings identified by the certification body, and providing evidence of their implementation and effectiveness.
References: = 1: PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 25-26.

NEW QUESTION # 106
Integrity of data means

• A. Data should be viewable at all times
• B. Data should be accessed by only the right people
• C. Accuracy and completeness of the data

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
Integrity of data means accuracy and completeness of the data. Integrity is one of the three main objectives of information security, along with confidentiality and availability. Integrity ensures that information and systems are not corrupted, modified, or deleted by unauthorized actions or events. Data should be viewable at all times is not related to integrity, but to availability. Data should be accessed by only the right people is not related to integrity, but to confidentiality. References: : CQI & IRCA ISO 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Course Handbook, page 24. : [ISO/IEC 27001 Brochures | PECB], page 4.

NEW QUESTION # 107
Which of the following is a preventive security measure?

• A. Installing logging and monitoring software
• B. Shutting down the Internet connection after an attack
• C. Storing sensitive information in a data save

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 108
You are an experienced ISMS audit team leader guiding an auditor in training. You decide to test her knowledge of follow-up audits by asking her a series of questions. Here are your questions and her answers.
Which four of your questions has she answered correctly?

• A. Q: Should the outcome from a follow-up audit be reported to the audit client? A:No
• B. Q: Are follow-up audits required for all audits? A:No
• C. Q: Should a follow-up audit seek to identify new nonconformities? A:YES
• D. Q: Should follow-up audits consider agreed opportunities for improvement as well as corrective action?
  A:No
• E. Q: Should the outcome from a follow-up audit be reported to the audit team leader who carried out the audit at which the NCs were originally identified? A:YES
• F. Q: Is the purpose of a follow-up audit to verify the completion of corrections, corrective actions, and opportunities for improvement? A:YES
• G. Q: Could an outcome from a follow-up audit be another follow-up audit if required? A:YES
• H. Q: Should follow-up audits seek to ensure nonconformities have been effectively addressed? A:YES

Answer: C,F,G,H

Explanation:
Explanation
The four questions that she answered correctly are:
* Q: Should a follow-up audit seek to identify new nonconformities? A: YES
* Q: Should follow-up audits seek to ensure nonconformities have been effectively addressed? A: YES
* Q: Is the purpose of a follow-up audit to verify the completion of corrections, corrective actions, and opportunities for improvement? A: YES
* Q: Could an outcome from a follow-up audit be another follow-up
* A follow-up audit is an audit that is conducted after a previous audit to verify the implementation and effectiveness of the corrective actions and/or opportunities for improvement that were agreed upon as a result of the previous audit12. Therefore, a follow-up audit should seek to identify new nonconformities that may have arisen since the previous audit, as well as to ensure that the existing nonconformities have been effectively addressed.
* A follow-up audit should also consider the agreed opportunities for improvement as well as the corrective actions, because both are intended to enhance the performance and conformity of the ISMS12. However, the follow-up audit should not treat the opportunities for improvement as mandatory requirements, but rather as suggestions that may or may not have been implemented by the auditee3.
* The purpose of a follow-up audit is to verify the completion and effectiveness of the corrections, corrective actions, and opportunities for improvement that were agreed upon as a result of the previous audit12. A correction is the action taken to eliminate a detected nonconformity, while a corrective action is the action taken to eliminate the cause of a nonconformity and to prevent its recurrence4. An opportunity for improvement is a potential improvement that is identified during an audit, but is not a nonconformity3.
* An outcome from a follow-up audit could be another follow-up audit if required, depending on the nature and severity of the nonconformities and the effectiveness of the corrective actions12. For example, if the follow-up audit reveals that the nonconformities have not been adequately addressed, or that new nonconformities have emerged, then another follow-up audit may be necessary to ensure that the ISMS is compliant and effective.
References:
1: PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 25 2: ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems, clause 6.7 3: ISO 27007:2017 - Guidelines for information security management systems auditing, clause 7.5.3 4: ISO 27000:2018 - Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Overview and vocabulary, clause 3.9 and 3.10

NEW QUESTION # 109
You are an experienced ISMS audit team leader providing guidance to an ISMS auditor in training. They have been asked to carry out an assessment of external providers and have prepared a checklist containing the following activities. They have asked you to review their checklist to confirm that the actions they are proposing are appropriate.
The audit they have been invited to participate in is a third-party surveillance audit of a data centre . The data centre agent is part of a wider telecommunication group. Each data centre within the group operates its own ISMS and holds its own certificate.
Select three options that relate to ISO/IEC 27001:2022's requirements regarding external providers.

• A. I will limit my audit activity to externally provided processes as there is no need to audit externally provided products of services
• B. I will ensure that the organisation has a reserve external provider for each process it has identified as critical to preservation of the confidentiality, integrity and accessibility of its information
• C. I will ensure external providers have a documented process in place to notify the organisation of any risks arising from the use of its products or services
• D. I will ensure the organization is has determined the need to communicate with external providers regarding the ISMS
• E. I will check the other data centres are treated as external providers, even though they are part of the same telecommunication group
• F. I will ensure the organization is regularly monitoring, reviewing and evaluating external provider performance
• G. I will ensure that top management have assigned roles and responsibilities for those providing external ISMS processes as well as internal ISMS processes
• H. I will ensure that the organisation ranks its external providers and allocates the majority of its work to those providers who are rated the highest

Answer: C,E,F

Explanation:
Explanation
A: I will check the other data centres are treated as external providers, even though they are part of the same telecommunication group. This is appropriate because clause 8.1.4 of ISO 27001:2022 requires the organisation to ensure that externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system are controlled. Externally provided processes, products or services are those that are provided by any external party, regardless of the degree of its relationship with the organisation. Therefore, the other data centres within the same telecommunication group should be treated as external providers and subject to the same controls as any other external provider12 B: I will ensure external providers have a documented process in place to notify the organisation of any risks arising from the use of its products or services. This is appropriate because clause 8.1.4 of ISO
27001:2022 requires the organisation to implement appropriate contractual requirements related to information security with external providers. One of the contractual requirements could be the obligation of the external provider to notify the organisation of any risks arising from the use of its products or services, such as security incidents, vulnerabilities, or changes that could affect the information security of the organisation. The external provider should have a documented process in place to ensure that such notification is timely, accurate, and complete12 E: I will ensure the organisation is regularly monitoring, reviewing and evaluating external provider performance. This is appropriate because clause 8.1.4 of ISO 27001:2022 requires the organisation to monitor, review and evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the externally provided processes, products or services. The organisation should have a process in place to measure and verify the conformity and suitability of the external provider's deliverables and activities, and to provide feedback and improvement actions as necessary. The organisation should also maintain records of the monitoring, review and evaluation results12 F: I will ensure the organisation has determined the need to communicate with external providers regarding the ISMS. This is appropriate because clause 7.4.2 of ISO 27001:2022 requires the organisation to determine the need for internal and external communications relevant to the information security management system, including the communication with external providers. The organisation should define the purpose, content, frequency, methods, and responsibilities for such communication, and ensure that it is consistent with the information security policy and objectives. The organisation should also retain documented information of the communication as evidence of its implementation12 The following activities are not appropriate for the assessment of external providers according to ISO
27001:2022:
C: I will ensure that the organisation has a reserve external provider for each process it has identified as critical to preservation of the confidentiality, integrity and accessibility of its information. This is not appropriate because ISO 27001:2022 does not require the organisation to have a reserve external provider for each critical process. The organisation may choose to have a contingency plan or a backup solution in case of failure or disruption of the external provider, but this is not a mandatory requirement. The organisation should assess the risks and opportunities associated with the external provider and determine the appropriate treatment options, which may or may not include having a reserve external provider12 D: I will limit my audit activity to externally provided processes as there is no need to audit externally provided products or services. This is not appropriate because clause 8.1.4 of ISO 27001:2022 requires the organisation to control the externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system. Externally provided products or services may include software, hardware, data, or cloud services that could affect the information security of the organisation. Therefore, the audit activity should cover both externally provided processes and products or services, as applicable12 G: I will ensure that top management have assigned roles and responsibilities for those providing external ISMS processes as well as internal ISMS processes. This is not appropriate because clause 5.3 of ISO 27001:2022 requires the top management to assign the roles and responsibilities for the information security management system within the organisation, not for the external providers. The external providers are responsible for assigning their own roles and responsibilities for the processes, products or services they provide to the organisation. The organisation should ensure that the external providers have adequate competence and awareness for their roles and responsibilities, and that they are contractually bound to comply with the information security requirements of the organisation12 H: I will ensure that the organisation ranks its external providers and allocates the majority of its work to those providers who are rated the highest. This is not appropriate because ISO 27001:2022 does not require the organisation to rank its external providers or to allocate its work based on such ranking. The organisation may choose to evaluate and compare the performance and effectiveness of its external providers, but this is not a mandatory requirement. The organisation should select and use its external providers based on the information security criteria and objectives that are relevant to the organisation12 References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2

NEW QUESTION # 110
During a third-party certification audit you are presented with a list of issues by an auditee. Which four of the following constitute 'external' issues in the context of a management system to ISO/IEC 27001:2022?

• A. Poor morale as a result of staff holidays being reduced
• B. A reduction in grants as a result of a change in government policy
• C. Inability to source raw materials due to government sanctions
• D. A fall in productivity linked to outdated production equipment
• E. Higher labour costs as a result of an aging population
• F. Increased absenteeism as a result of poor management
• G. A rise in interest rates in response to high inflation
• H. Poor levels of staff competence as a result of cuts in training expenditure

Answer: B,C,E,G

Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS), clause 4.1 requires an organization to determine external and internal issues that are relevant to its purpose and that affect its ability to achieve the intended outcomes of its ISMS2. External issues are those that originate from outside the organization, such as legal, regulatory, cultural, social, political, economic, natural and competitive factors2. Internal issues are those that originate from within the organization, such as governance, structure, roles and responsibilities, policies, objectives, culture, capabilities, resources and information systems2. Therefore, based on this definition, four examples of external issues in the context of a management system to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 are a rise in interest rates in response to high inflation (which affects the economic environment of the organization), a reduction in grants as a result of a change in government policy (which affects the political and legal environment of the organization), higher labour costs as a result of an aging population (which affects the social and demographic environment of the organization), and inability to source raw materials due to government sanctions (which affects the trade and supply environment of the organization)2. The other options are examples of internal issues, as they originate from within the organization or its activities. For example, poor levels of staff competence as a result of cuts in training expenditure (which affects the capabilities and resources of the organization), increased absenteeism as a result of poor management (which affects the culture and performance of the organization), poor morale as a result of staff holidays being reduced (which affects the motivation and satisfaction of the organization's personnel), and a fall in productivity linked to outdated production equipment (which affects the efficiency and quality of the organization's processes)2. Reference: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements

NEW QUESTION # 111
During discussions with the individual(s) managing the audit programme of a certification body, the Management System Representative of the client organisation asks for a specific auditor for the certification audit. Select two of the following options for how the individual(s) managing the audit programme should respond.

• A. Suggest asking the certification body management to permit the request
• B. Advise the Management System Representative that his request can be accepted
• C. Advise the Management System Representative that the audit team selection is a decision that the audit programme manager needs to make based on the resources available
• D. State that his request will be considered but may not be taken up
• E. Suggest that the Management System Representative chooses another certification body

Answer: C,D

Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 17021-1, which specifies the requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems, a certification body should ensure that its auditors are competent, impartial, and independent from the auditee organization2. Therefore, if a Management System Representative of a client organization asks for a specific auditor for the certification audit, the individual(s) managing the audit programme should respond in a way that does not compromise these principles or create any conflict of interest or undue influence2. Two possible ways to respond are to state that his request will be considered but may not be taken up, as there may be other factors that affect the auditor selection process; or to advise him that the audit team selection is a decision that the audit programme manager needs to make based on the resources available, such as auditor availability, competence, location, etc2. The other options are not suitable ways to respond in this situation. For example, advising him that his request can be accepted may raise doubts about the objectivity and credibility of the auditor and the certification body; suggesting that he chooses another certification body may imply that his request is unreasonable or unethical; and suggesting asking the certification body management to permit his request may suggest that there is room for negotiation or manipulation in auditor selection2. Reference: ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 - Conformity assessment - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems - Part 1: Requirements

NEW QUESTION # 112
Which of the following is a technical security measure?

• A. Encryption
• B. Safe storage of backups
• C. Security policy
• D. User role profiles.

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 113
Please match the following situations to the type of audit required.

Answer:

Explanation:

Explanation:
Top management requests auditors from the organisation's compliance department to audit the production process in order to ensure the final product meets quality requirements = First-party audit Auditors from the buyer's organisation audit their raw material supplier to ensure the supply fulfils the order and contract = Second-party audit Auditors from an independent certification body conduct an audit of the organisation to verify conformity with an ISO Standard for certification purposes = Third-party audit The organisation has been audited against two management system standards in one audit = Combined audit Explanation: According to the ISO/IEC 27001 standard, there are three main categories of audits: internal, external, and certification1. An internal audit, also known as a first-party audit, is an audit conducted by the organisation itself, or by an external party on its behalf, for management review and other internal purposes12. An external audit, also known as a second-party audit, is an audit conducted by a customer or other interested party on a supplier or contractor to verify compliance with contractual or other requirements12. A certification audit, also known as a third-party audit, is an audit conducted by an independent certification body to verify conformity with an ISO standard for certification purposes12. A combined audit is an audit where two or more management system standards are audited together3.
References: 1: PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 192: ISO 27001 Audit Types and How They are Conducted23: The Four ISO 27001 Audit Categories, Explained4

NEW QUESTION # 114
What is the difference between a restricted and confidential document?

• A. Restricted - to be shared among named individuals
  Confidential - to be shared with friends and family
• B. Restricted - to be shared among named individuals
  Confidential - to be shared across the organization only
• C. Restricted - to be shared among named individuals
  Confidential - to be shared among an authorized group
• D. Restricted - to be shared among an authorized group
  Confidential - to be shared among named individuals

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
The difference between a restricted and confidential document is that a restricted document is to be shared among named individuals, while a confidential document is to be shared among an authorized group.
Restricted and confidential are examples of information classification levels that indicate the sensitivity and value of information and the degree of protection required for it. Restricted documents contain information that could cause serious damage or harm to the organization or its stakeholders if disclosed to unauthorized persons. Therefore, they should only be accessed by specific individuals who have a legitimate need to know and are authorized by the information owner. Confidential documents contain information that could cause damage or harm to the organization or its stakeholders if disclosed to unauthorized persons. Therefore, they should only be accessed by a defined group of people who have a legitimate need to know and are authorized by the information owner. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 requires the organization to classify information in terms of legal requirements, value, criticality and sensitivity to unauthorized disclosure or modification (see clause A.8.2.1). References: CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course, ISO/IEC
27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Information Classification?

NEW QUESTION # 115
Why do we need to test a disaster recovery plan regularly, and keep it up to date?

• A. Otherwise it is no longer up to date with the registration of daily occurring faults
• B. Otherwise remotely stored backups may no longer be available to the security team
• C. Otherwise the measures taken and the incident procedures planned may not be adequate

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 116
In what part of the process to grant access to a system does the user present a token?

• A. Authentication
• B. Verification
• C. Authorisation
• D. Identification

Answer: D

Explanation:
Explanation
In what part of the process to grant access to a system does the user present a token? The user presents a token in the identification part of the process. Identification is the process of claiming an identity or presenting an identifier to a system. An identifier is a unique name or label that represents a person or entity. A token is a physical device or object that contains or generates an identifier, such as a smart card, a key fob, or a QR code.
Identification is used to initiate the access request and associate it with an identity. Identification is followed by authentication, which verifies the identity claim, and authorization, which determines the level of access granted. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 defines identification as "recognition of an entity by an identifier in a particular context" (see clause 3.29). References: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, [What is Identification?]

NEW QUESTION # 117
What type of system ensures a coherent Information Security organisation?

• A. Information Technology Service Management System (ITSM)
• B. Information Security Management System (ISMS)
• C. Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA)
• D. Information Exchange Data System (IEDS)

Answer: B

Explanation:
Explanation
An Information Security Management System (ISMS) is a systematic approach to managing the security of information assets within an organization. It includes the policies, processes, and controls that address the risks and opportunities related to information security. An ISMS is based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, which consists of four phases: establishment, implementation, operation, and maintenance. Therefore, an ISMS is set up in the following order: establishment, implementation, operation, maintenance. References: ISO/IEC 27000:2022, clause 3.24; ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 4.

NEW QUESTION # 118
We can leave laptops during weekdays or weekends in locked bins.

• A. True
• B. False

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 119
Backup media is kept in the same secure area as the servers. What risk may the organisation be exposed to?

• A. After a fire, the information systems cannot be restored
• B. Unauthorised persons will have access to both the servers and backups
• C. Responsibility for the backups is not defined well
• D. After a server crash, it will take extra time to bring it back up again

Answer: A

Explanation:
The risk that the organization may be exposed to if backup media is kept in the same secure area as the servers is that after a fire, the information systems cannot be restored. Backup media is a copy of data or information that can be used to restore the original data or information in case of loss, corruption or destruction. Backup media should be stored in a different location from the original data or information, preferably in a remote or off-site location, to ensure its availability and protection from physical threats and hazards. If backup media is kept in the same secure area as the servers, it means that both the original data and the backup data are vulnerable to the same physical threats and hazards, such as fire, flood, theft, etc. If a fire occurs in the secure area, both the servers and the backup media could be damaged or destroyed, making it impossible to restore the information systems and resume normal operations. Reference: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Backup Media?

NEW QUESTION # 120
During a third-party certification audit, you are presented with a list of issues by an auditee. Which four of the following constitute 'internal' issues in the context of a management system to ISO 27001:2022?

• A. A rise in interest rates in response to high inflation
• B. Poor morale as a result of staff holidays being reduced
• C. Inability to source raw materials due to government sanctions
• D. Higher labour costs as a result of an aging population
• E. A fall in productivity linked to outdated production equipment
• F. Poor levels of staff competence as a result of cuts in training expenditure
• G. Increased absenteeism as a result of poor management
• H. A reduction in grants as a result of a change in government policy

Answer: B,E,F,G

Explanation:
According to ISO 27001:2022 clause 4.1, the organisation shall determine external and internal issues that are relevant to its purpose and that affect its ability to achieve the intended outcome(s) of its information security management system (ISMS)12 External issues are factors outside the organisation that it cannot control, but can influence or adapt to. They include political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors that may affect the organisation's information security objectives, risks, and opportunities12 Internal issues are factors within the organisation that it can control or change. They include the organisation's structure, culture, values, policies, objectives, strategies, capabilities, resources, processes, activities, relationships, and performance that may affect the organisation's information security management system12 Therefore, the following issues are considered 'internal' in the context of a management system to ISO
27001:2022:
Poor levels of staff competence as a result of cuts in training expenditure: This is an internal issue because it relates to the organisation's capability, resource, and process of developing and maintaining the competence of its personnel involved in the ISMS. The organisation can control or change its training expenditure and its impact on staff competence12 Poor morale as a result of staff holidays being reduced: This is an internal issue because it relates to the organisation's culture, value, and relationship with its employees. The organisation can control or change its staff holiday policy and its impact on staff morale12 Increased absenteeism as a result of poor management: This is an internal issue because it relates to the organisation's performance, structure, and accountability of its management. The organisation can control or change its management practices and its impact on staff absenteeism12 A fall in productivity linked to outdated production equipment: This is an internal issue because it relates to the organisation's capability, resource, and process of ensuring the availability and suitability of its production equipment. The organisation can control or change its equipment maintenance and upgrade and its impact on productivity12 The following issues are considered 'external' in the context of a management system to ISO 27001:2022:
Higher labour costs as a result of an aging population: This is an external issue because it relates to the social and demographic factor that affects the availability and cost of labour in the market. The organisation cannot control or change the aging population, but can influence or adapt to its impact on labour costs12 A rise in interest rates in response to high inflation: This is an external issue because it relates to the economic and monetary factor that affects the cost and availability of capital in the market. The organisation cannot control or change the interest rates or inflation, but can influence or adapt to its impact on capital costs12 A reduction in grants as a result of a change in government policy: This is an external issue because it relates to the political and legal factor that affects the availability and conditions of public funding for the organisation. The organisation cannot control or change the government policy, but can influence or adapt to its impact on grants12 Inability to source raw materials due to government sanctions: This is an external issue because it relates to the political and legal factor that affects the availability and cost of raw materials in the market. The organisation cannot control or change the government sanctions, but can influence or adapt to its impact on raw materials12 References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2

NEW QUESTION # 121
Which two activities align with the "Check'' stage of the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle when applied to the process of managing an internal audit program as described in ISO 19011?

• A. Verify effectiveness of the internal audit programme
• B. Define audit criteria and scope for each internal audit
• C. Retains records of internal audits
• D. Establish a risk-based internal audit programme
• E. Update the internal audit programme
• F. Conduct internal audits
• G. Review trends in internal audit result

Answer: A,G

Explanation:
The Check stage of the PDCA cycle involves monitoring and measuring the performance of the process and comparing it with the planned objectives and criteria. In the context of managing an internal audit programme, this stage includes verifying the effectiveness of the internal audit programme by evaluating whether it meets its objectives, scope, and criteria, and whether it is implemented in accordance with ISO 19011 guidelines1. It also includes reviewing the trends in internal audit results by analyzing the data collected from the audits, such as audit findings, nonconformities, corrective actions, opportunities for improvement, and customer feedback1. Reference: ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

NEW QUESTION # 122
Below is Purpose of "Integrity", which is one of the Basic Components of Information Security

• A. the property that information is not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals
• B. the property of safeguarding the accuracy and completeness of assets.
• C. the property that information is not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals
• D. the property of being accessible and usable upon demand by an authorized entity.

Answer: B

Explanation:
Integrity is one of the basic components of information security, along with confidentiality and availability.
Integrity means that information is safeguarded from unauthorized or accidental changes that could affect its accuracy and completeness. Integrity ensures that information is reliable and trustworthy3. References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course - BSI

NEW QUESTION # 123
You receive the following mail from the IT support team: Dear User,Starting next week, we will be deleting all inactive email accounts in order to create spaceshare the below details in order to continue using your account. In case of no response, Name:
Email ID:
Password:
DOB:
Kindly contact the webmail team for any further support. Thanks for your attention.
Which of the following is the best response?

• A. Respond it by saying that one should not share the password with anyone
• B. Ignore the email
• C. One should not respond to these mails and report such email to your supervisor

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
The best response to the email from the IT support team asking for personal details is to not respond to the email and report it to your supervisor. The email is likely a phishing attempt, which is a form of social engineering that uses deceptive emails or other messages to trick recipients into revealing sensitive information, such as passwords, credit card numbers, bank account details, etc. Phishing emails often impersonate legitimate organizations or individuals and create a sense of urgency or curiosity to lure the victims into clicking on malicious links, opening malicious attachments or providing personal information.
The IT support team should never ask for your password or other personal details via email, as this is a violation of information security policies and best practices. Ignoring the email or responding to it by saying that one should not share the password with anyone are not sufficient responses, as they do not alert the IT support team or your supervisor about the phishing attempt, which could affect other users as well. Reporting the email to your supervisor is a responsible action that could help prevent further damage or compromise of information. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 requires the organization to implement awareness and training programs to make users aware of the risks of social engineering attacks, such as phishing, and how to avoid them (see clause A.7.2.2). References: CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Phishing?

NEW QUESTION # 124
CMM stands for?

• A. Capacity Maturity Matrix
• B. Capability Maturity Matrix
• C. Capability Maturity Model
• D. Capable Mature Model

Answer: C

Explanation:
Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is a framework that describes the key elements of an effective software process. It defines five levels of maturity for software development organizations, from initial to optimized. The CMM helps organizations to assess their current level of process capability and identify the areas for improvement1. References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor - IECB

NEW QUESTION # 125
Which two of the following statements are true?

• A. The benefit of certifying an ISMS is to increase the number of customers.
• B. The purpose of an ISMS is to demonstrate awareness of information security issues by management.
• C. The benefits of implementing an ISMS primarily result from a reduction in information security risks.
• D. The purpose of an ISMS is to demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements.
• E. The benefit of certifying an ISMS is to show the accreditation certificate on the website.
• F. The purpose of an ISMS is to apply a risk management process for preserving information security.

Answer: C,F

Explanation:
The benefits of implementing an ISMS primarily result from a reduction in information security risks. E. The purpose of an ISMS is to apply a risk management process for preserving information security.
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation: According to the ISO 27001 standard, the benefits of implementing an ISMS include the following1:
Assuring customers and other stakeholders of the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information Enhancing the ability to respond to information security incidents and minimize their impacts Improving the governance and management of information security Reducing the costs and losses associated with information security breaches Increasing the competitiveness and reputation of the organization Complying with legal, regulatory and contractual obligations The purpose of an ISMS is to provide a systematic approach to managing information security risks, based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle1. The ISMS enables the organization to establish, implement, maintain and continually improve its information security performance, in alignment with its business objectives and the needs and expectations of interested parties1. The ISMS consists of the following elements1:
The information security policy and objectives
The scope and boundaries of the ISMS
The processes and procedures for information security risk assessment and treatment The resources and competencies for information security The roles and responsibilities for information security The performance evaluation and improvement of the ISMS The internal and external communication and awareness of the ISMS References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, clauses 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 9-11 ISO/IEC 27001:2013 Information Security Management Standards
4 Key Benefits of ISO 27001 Implementation | ISMS.online
ISO/IEC 27001:2022
An Introduction to the ISO 27001 ISMS | Secureframe

NEW QUESTION # 126
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PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor exam is a certification designed for professionals who want to become proficient in auditing information security management systems (ISMS) based on the ISO/IEC 27001 standard. ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor exam is ideal for individuals who want to demonstrate their competence in conducting audits, evaluating and analyzing audit findings, and providing recommendations for improvement.

 

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